Ruling 1623. If a person intentionally and voluntarily does something that invalidates a fast, his fast becomes invalid; and in the event that he does not do it intentionally, there is no problem [and his fast remains valid]. However, if a junub goes to sleep and – as per the details mentioned in Ruling 1600 – he does not perform ghusl until the time of ṣubḥ prayers, his fast is invalid. Furthermore, in the event that one does not know that some of the things mentioned previously invalidate a fast, and he has not been negligent in not knowing, nor does he doubt [that a particular thing may invalidate his fast], or he trusts in something that is legally authoritative (al‑ḥujjah al‑sharʿiyyah) [for example, the statement of a reliable person], and he does that thing, in such a case, his fast does not become invalid except in the case of eating, drinking, and sexual intercourse.

Ruling 1624. If a fasting person inadvertently does something that invalidates a fast, and with the belief that his fast has become invalid he intentionally does one of those things again, then the rule in the previous ruling will apply to him.

Ruling 1625. If something is forced down a fasting person’s throat, his fast does not become invalid. However, if he is forced to break his fast by eating, drinking, or having sexual intercourse – for example he is told, ‘If you do not eat food, we will inflict some financial or physical harm on you’ – and he eats something to prevent the harm from being inflicted, his fast becomes invalid. Furthermore, based on obligatory precaution, his fast also becomes invalid if he is forced to do any of the other things that invalidate a fast.

Ruling 1626. A fasting person must not go to a place where he knows something will be poured down his throat or where he will be forced to break his fast; and if he goes to such a place and he is compelled to do something that breaks his fast, his fast becomes invalid. Based on obligatory precaution, the same applies if something is poured down his throat.