Ruling 1341. A traveller can perform tamām prayers in the entire city of Mecca, Medina, and Kufa, and in the shrine (ḥaram) of His Eminence Sayyid al-Shuhadāʾ [Imam al-Ḥusayn] (ʿA) up to a distance of approximately 11.5 metres from the sacred grave [i.e. the area known as the ‘ḥāʾir’].

Ruling 1342. With regard to someone who knows he is a traveller and must perform qaṣr prayers, if he intentionally performs tamām prayers in a place other than the four places mentioned above, his prayers are invalid. The same applies if he forgets that the prayers of a traveller are qaṣr and performs them in tamām form. However, if he remembers this after the time [for the prayer has expired], it is not necessary for him to make it up.

Ruling 1343. With regard to someone who knows he is a traveller and must perform qaṣr prayers, if he inadvertently performs tamām prayers, in the event that he becomes aware of this within the prescribed time for the prayer, he must perform the prayer again. However, if he becomes aware after the time has expired, he must make it up based on obligatory precaution.

Ruling 1344. If a traveller who does not know that he must perform qaṣr prayers performs tamām prayers, his prayers are valid.

Ruling 1345. A traveller who knows that he must perform qaṣr prayers but does not know some of its details – for example, he does not know that qaṣr prayers must be performed on an eight farsakh journey – then, in the event that he performs tamām prayers and realises this within the prescribed time for the prayer, he must, based on obligatory precaution, perform it again; and if he does not perform it again, he must make it up. However, if he realises after the time has expired, there is no obligation to make it up.

Ruling 1346. If a traveller who knows that he must perform qaṣr prayers performs tamām prayers supposing that his journey is less than eight farsakhs, then whenever he realises that his journey was eight farsakhs, he must perform the prayers he performed in tamām form again in qaṣr form. If he realises that after the time for prayers has expired, it is not necessary to make it up.

Ruling 1347. If a person forgets that he is a traveller and performs tamām prayers, in the event that he remembers this within the time for the prayer, he must perform the prayer in qaṣr form. If he remembers this after the time for the prayer, then making it up is not obligatory for him.

Ruling 1348. If someone who must perform tamām prayers performs them in qaṣr form, his prayers are invalid in all circumstances. And based on obligatory precaution, this rule also applies to a traveller who has an intention of staying somewhere for ten days and performs qaṣr prayers there on account of not knowing the ruling.

Ruling 1349. If a person starts performing a four rakʿah prayer and during the prayer he remembers that he is a traveller, or he becomes aware that his journey is of eight farsakhs, in the event that he has not gone into rukūʿ of the third rakʿah, he must complete the prayer as a two rakʿah prayer. However, if he has completed the third rakʿah, his prayer is invalid; and if he has gone into rukūʿ of the third rakʿah, then based on obligatory precaution, his prayer is also invalid. Furthermore, in case there is enough time to perform even one rakʿah, he must perform the prayer again in qaṣr form; and if there is no time, he must make it up in qaṣr form.

Ruling 1350. If a traveller does not know some of the details of the prayer of a traveller – for example, he does not know that if he travels four farsakhs on his outward journey and four farsakhs on his return journey he must perform qaṣr prayers – then, in the event that he starts performing a prayer with the intention of performing a four rakʿah prayer and becomes aware of the ruling before going into rukūʿ of the third rakʿah, he must complete the prayer as a two rakʿah prayer. However, if he becomes aware of this in rukūʿ, his prayer is invalid based on obligatory precaution. And in case there is enough time for him to perform even one rakʿah, he must perform qaṣr prayers.

Ruling 1351. If a traveller who must perform tamām prayers on account of not knowing the ruling starts performing prayers with the intention of performing a two rakʿah prayer, and he becomes aware of the ruling during prayers, he must complete the prayer as a four rakʿah prayer. And the recommended precaution is that after completing the prayer, he should perform that prayer again as a four rakʿah prayer.

Ruling 1352. If a traveller who has not performed prayers at the start of their prescribed time arrives at his home town before the time for the prayer has expired, or he arrives at a place where he wants to stay for ten days, then based on obligatory precaution, he must perform tamām prayers. If someone who is not a traveller does not perform prayers at the start of their prescribed time and then travels, he must perform qaṣr prayers during his journey based on obligatory precaution.

Ruling 1353. With regard to a traveller who must perform qaṣr prayers, if his ẓuhr, ʿaṣr, or ʿishāʾ prayers become qaḍāʾ, he must perform them as two rakʿah qaḍāʾ prayers even if he wants to make them up when he is not travelling. If these prayers become qaḍāʾ for someone who is not a traveller, he must perform them as four rakʿah qaḍāʾ prayers even if he wants to make them up when he is travelling.

Ruling 1354. After every qaṣr prayer, it is recommended that a traveller says thirty times: ‘subḥānal lāhi wal ḥamdu lillāhi wa lā ilāha illal lāhu wal lāhu akbar’.[1] Although it is recommended to recite this dhikr after every obligatory prayer as well, in this case [i.e. for a traveller after every qaṣr prayer], it is recommended even more, and it is better to say it sixty times after ẓuhr, ʿaṣr, and ʿishāʾ prayers.