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9. Removal of intrinsic impurity (ʿayn al‑najāsah) →
← 7. Islam
8. Subsequence (tabaʿiyyah)
Ruling 208. Subsequence means that an impure object becomes pure by means of the purity of another object.
Ruling 209. If wine turns into vinegar, its container also becomes pure up to the level where the wine reached at the time of fermentation; and any piece of cloth or object that is usually placed on top of it also becomes pure if it had become impure by the wine. However, if the outside of the container had become impure by the wine due to its fermenting, then it does not become pure by subsequence based on obligatory precaution.
Ruling 210. The child of a disbeliever becomes pure by subsequence in two cases:
1. if a disbeliever becomes a Muslim, his child follows him in becoming pure. The same applies if the child’s paternal grandfather, mother, or paternal grandmother becomes a Muslim. However, ruling the child as being pure in this case is conditional upon the child being with the person who has newly become a Muslim and upon the child being under his guardianship; furthermore, a disbeliever who is a closer relative than the person who has newly become a Muslim must not be with the child;
2. if a disbeliever is captured by a Muslim, the disbeliever’s child becomes pure if his father or one of his grandparents is not with the child.
In both cases, in the event that the child is mumayyiz, his becoming pure by subsequence is conditional upon the child not expressing disbelief (kufr).
Ruling 211. The plank or stone [or other such surfaces] on which a corpse is given ghusl, and the cloth with which the private parts of a corpse are covered, and the hands of the person who gives ghusl – all of these things that usually come into contact with the corpse and the water that is poured on the corpse – become pure once the ghusl is complete. However, based on obligatory precaution, the clothing and body of the person who gives ghusl and other instruments used for giving ghusl do not become pure by subsequence and need to be washed separately.
Ruling 212. With regard to someone who washes an object to make it pure, after that object has become pure, his hands – which were washed along with the object – also become pure. Similarly, when clothes are washed in a washing machine, after the clothes have become pure, the drum of the washing machine as well as the inside of the door (which are commonly deemed to be among the means for washing the clothes) become pure by subsequence and do not need to be washed.
Ruling 213. If clothing or something similar is washed with qalīl water and is wrung to a normal extent so that the water with which it was washed separates from it, the water that remains in it is pure.
Ruling 214. With regard to an impure utensil that is washed with qalīl water, after the water with which it was washed separates from it, the small amount of water that remains in it is pure.
9. Removal of intrinsic impurity (ʿayn al‑najāsah) →
← 7. Islam
Ruling 209. If wine turns into vinegar, its container also becomes pure up to the level where the wine reached at the time of fermentation; and any piece of cloth or object that is usually placed on top of it also becomes pure if it had become impure by the wine. However, if the outside of the container had become impure by the wine due to its fermenting, then it does not become pure by subsequence based on obligatory precaution.
Ruling 210. The child of a disbeliever becomes pure by subsequence in two cases:
1. if a disbeliever becomes a Muslim, his child follows him in becoming pure. The same applies if the child’s paternal grandfather, mother, or paternal grandmother becomes a Muslim. However, ruling the child as being pure in this case is conditional upon the child being with the person who has newly become a Muslim and upon the child being under his guardianship; furthermore, a disbeliever who is a closer relative than the person who has newly become a Muslim must not be with the child;
2. if a disbeliever is captured by a Muslim, the disbeliever’s child becomes pure if his father or one of his grandparents is not with the child.
In both cases, in the event that the child is mumayyiz, his becoming pure by subsequence is conditional upon the child not expressing disbelief (kufr).
Ruling 211. The plank or stone [or other such surfaces] on which a corpse is given ghusl, and the cloth with which the private parts of a corpse are covered, and the hands of the person who gives ghusl – all of these things that usually come into contact with the corpse and the water that is poured on the corpse – become pure once the ghusl is complete. However, based on obligatory precaution, the clothing and body of the person who gives ghusl and other instruments used for giving ghusl do not become pure by subsequence and need to be washed separately.
Ruling 212. With regard to someone who washes an object to make it pure, after that object has become pure, his hands – which were washed along with the object – also become pure. Similarly, when clothes are washed in a washing machine, after the clothes have become pure, the drum of the washing machine as well as the inside of the door (which are commonly deemed to be among the means for washing the clothes) become pure by subsequence and do not need to be washed.
Ruling 213. If clothing or something similar is washed with qalīl water and is wrung to a normal extent so that the water with which it was washed separates from it, the water that remains in it is pure.
Ruling 214. With regard to an impure utensil that is washed with qalīl water, after the water with which it was washed separates from it, the small amount of water that remains in it is pure.